Archive for April, 2003

The Effects of Operation Iraqi Freedom on the Defense Industry and the U.S. Economy

Wednesday, April 30th, 2003

By Jeff Vedders

When you talk to most people, the common consensus is that the current war in Iraq may help boost the U.S. economy.  It definitely appears to be a factor in boosting defense spending.  In fact, the Bush administration announced in early February it was requesting a $399.1 billion military budget in fiscal year 2004.  This is an increase of $16.9 billion over current levels, a 4.4% increase.  These costs actually exclude those of the Iraq war, currently estimated at $75 billion. 

According to a Wall Street Journal article, the impact of war spending will make little difference to our $10 trillion-a-year economy.  Actually, the harmful effects of war which include reduced consumer confidence and unwillingness for businesses to invest will impact us far more than any benefit seen from military spending.

Interestingly, the increase in defense spending is going towards operations, which include fuel costs, supporting the troops abroad, and replenishing bombs and other weapons used in Afghanistan.  The Iraq war will be fought with the current supply of weapons.  Companies like Boeing are worried that most of the spending will be for the war and operations costs, leaving little for the development of the next generation of weapons. 

Sources:

  • “War Spending Won’t Boost U.S. Economy,” Bob Davis and Greg Jaffe, Wall Street Journal Sunday, Feb. 9, 2003
  • “War Unlikely to Produce Significant Increase in St. Louis Defense Spending,” Gregory Cancelada, Knight-Ridder Tribune Business News March 25, 2003
  • The Center for Defense Information (www.cdi.org)

Somebody’s Watching Me

Wednesday, April 30th, 2003

By Leigh Howe

Big Brother.  Webcams, tracking devices, home security networks – and these are only the beginning.  In highly monitored London, England, criminologist Clive Norris of Hull University estimates that the average person is captured on film by 300 cameras each day.  The affordability and usefulness, especially to law enforcement, of extensive video-surveillance systems will encourage rapid proliferation. Innovative technological research is infiltrating not only the realm of security, but also the territory of privacy.  As long as corporations, governments, and people attempt to gather information, their counterparts will development systems to encrypt and disguise this information. 

Security vs. Privacy.  Given the threat of terrorism and the war in Iraq, people are demanding security.  However, is the world prepared for the consequences of all the surveillance technology that will be deployed in the next decade?  Will there soon be any unmonitored public space? Universal surveillance is possible given the technological advances of the last few years.  Once surveillance systems are highly networked, then the information becomes much more valuable and also dangerous.  The controversial Total Information Awareness program of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency is attempting to combine corporate, medical, retail, education, travel, and telephone information, as well as fingerprints, DNA, and facial characteristics measurements.  This will be an unprecedented collection of information about both U.S. citizens and foreigners.  The dangerous part comes with incorrect or “unclean” data, since invalid data can lead to people being unfairly labeled as criminals or terrorists.

Much More Than Video.  According to J.P. Freeman, a security market-research firm in Newtown, CT, the remote digital-surveillance-camera market will grow 40-50% annually for the next decade.  Incredibly, other non-video forms of monitoring will increase even faster.  Security and surveillance technology and applications are going to get attention in the government, corporate, and consumer arenas. How can you capitalize on this growth area?

Here are some examples of the technology in the works:

  • The use of “Biometrics” will explode from pattern recognition to iris identification to DNA.
  • The three major automobile makers plan to put special radio frequency identification tags in every tire sold as part of a federally mandated tracking system.
  • By 2006, the law will require that every U.S. cell phone be designed to report its precise location during a 911 call. 
  • Areas of government and military defense research are focusing on surveillance equipment and sensors, including primarily radar and electro-optic/infrared sensors and associated signal and image processing methods, activity detection technologies, tissue-based biosensors, etc.  The different programs and studies are too numerous to name. 
  • Wireless Sensor Networks is an emerging technology that consists of small monitoring devices called motes.  These motes have a radio transceiver just powerful enough to broadcast snippets of data to nearby motes and pass on information received.  These networks will observe just about everything, including traffic, weather, seismic activity, the movements of troops on battlefields, and the stresses on buildings and bridges—all on a far finer scale than has been possible before.

Sources and More Information.         

  • www.technologyreview.com – MIT Technology Review Magazine
  • www.privacyactivism.org – Privacy Activism Organization
  • www.eff.org – Electronic Frontier Foundation
  • www.darpa.mil – The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) 

Competing & Surviving in the New Economy

Wednesday, April 30th, 2003

By Pete Julius

We now live in a world that revolves around innovation, speed, adaptability and change.  Those who snooze will lose.  Gone are the days of reactive strategies of survival.  In today’s economy, companies must be at the forefront and willing to take a chance.  The advent of the Internet, which has made information more readily available and purchasing power more dynamic, has caused products to become commodities.  In order to compete, companies must be innovative, creative, diversified and open to alternative perspectives.  Land, labor and capital used to be the main factors of production.  The new factors are now knowledge, communication and innovation.

Innovation helps create increased productivity, and increased productivity helps to lower overall operating costs.  In a time when companies are moving their manufacturing operations to countries with lower operating costs, innovation becomes increasingly important to existing jobs and prevents plant closings.  Globalization has greatly increased the level of competition.  Companies must be highly innovative and connected to be able to survive.  In order for communities be competitive and survive in the new economy they must do the following:

Identify & Retain Valuable Assets     

The most valuable asset is intellectual capital.  Communities must identify the knowledge that exists within their labor pool.  Know-how provides communities with a foundation on which to build. Identifying the knowledge base within the community will identify areas with opportunities for future growth.  More importantly, a community must do everything in its power to attract and retain valuable intellectual assets. 

Promote Entrepreneurial Spirit

Possessing valuable intellectual assets is meaningless if they lie dormant.  Communities must establish programs and initiatives that stretch these assets by promoting entrepreneurial thinking. Organizations and programs must back their promotion of entrepreneurial spirit by

materially assisting individuals seeking to establish new business ventures.  

Educate & Train

To be able to continuously compete and survive in the new economy, communities must possess educational establishments that provide training programs tailored to the existing and emerging economic base of the community.  Tailored programs ensure that the existing labor force continues its education in pertinent and vital areas.  Most communities cannot provide these educational programs all by themselves; businesses must also take an active role in ensuring that their employees get the training they need to prosper.  

Provide Needed Infrastructure

Communities must have the infrastructure necessary to compete and survive in the new economy.  This means that the community needs to be connected and networked. To be able to operate in a global economy, businesses must have access to a fiber optics infrastructure, for example. In the new economy, industries are highly networked.  They cannot survive on their own.  They must have access to suppliers, educational facilities, professional organizations, and funding for capital investments. It is critical that communities understand the nature of the most prominent industries within their area. 

For communities to compete and survive in the new economy, they must create and grow a knowledge-based infrastructure.  As a starting point, communities must inventory and promote the existing intellectual resources within the community.  In addition, communities must evolve from a commodity-based economy to one that is knowledge-based. This can be accomplished through education initiatives designed to teach the workforce how to develop and protect intellectual property.  Developing places and activities that improve the quality of life, such as sporting complexes, arts venues, and family and recreational activities can attract knowledge-based workers.  If communities do not posses these assets, then they must work on improving their quality of life.     

Of course, larger communities are at a slight advantage.  They have many of the necessary pieces in place to compete in the new economy. But what are they doing to survive?  As smaller communities begin to evolve with the new economy, this growth may actually pull resources out of larger communities.  So what are larger communities doing to retain their existing intellectual capital and business? Just because some communities have made the transition from an old economy to a new economy does not mean that they can rest.  The economy is rapidly evolving.   

For more information, please visit:

  • Progressive Policy Institute (www.ppionline.org)
  • Massachusetts Technology Collaborative (www.mtpc.org)